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  <h1 class="h11">3.09《印度军荼利瑜伽术》前言</h1>
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<div class="articleContent" id="articleContent"> <p>瑜伽之学，源于印度，为彼土上古学术之巨流，与婆罗门相传之四吠陀典递相表里，自释迦文佛应现彼邦，汇原有百家之说，删芜刈繁，归于无二，瑜伽之术，亦入其宗矣。瑜伽之义，旧释为相应，新释为连合，皆指会二元于一体，融心物而超然之意；与此土之天人合一，性命双融之说，意颇相似。稽之内典，凡趋心禅寂，依思维修，由心意识至解脱境，皆已摄于《瑜伽师地论》中。复次从有为入手，修一身瑜伽百证真如本性，则密宗胎藏界三部中之忿怒金刚、军荼利瑜伽等法尚焉。西藏密宗传承元上瑜伽之部，内有修气脉明点，引发自身之忿怒母火（又曰拙火，或灵力、灵热等），融心身于寂静者，亦即胎藏界中忿怒金刚之修持也。凡此受授，皆经佛法陶融，因习利导，而入于菩提性相之中，是乃佛法之瑜伽，志在解脱也。此外，印度原有瑜伽之教，固自代有传承，源流未替，变化形蜕，如现在印度教等，术亦属焉。年来国际形势转移，世界各国沟通学术，互资观摩，欧美人士，初接瑜伽之教，惊彼修士神异之迹，递相转告，于物质科学之目迷十色，耳馈八音外，群相骇异；于是印度瑜伽修士，在海外应科学家试验者，时有所闻，或沉水不溺数十日，或埋土不死若干周，或火不能焚其身，或物不能挠其定，各种神通奇迹，变化莫测，则未可以现代科学知识论矣。凡此之徒，乃瑜伽派修士，与密宗修身瑜伽学术，大同而小异，其中心宗旨与乎研究归趋，迥然有别，军荼利瑜伽，即为其术中之主干也。</p><p>以瑜伽而言瑜伽，凡诸究身心性命之学，趋心神寂者，莫不属之；故瑜伽修法，大体可分为心身二门，若依心而起修，则禅思观想等属之；外其身而证真我，空其意而登净乐。尤其依密宗字音声明证宇宙真谛，感通于形而上者，为其法中密要；即同佛法之返闻自性，观音入道之门也。伟哉观音！远在婆罗门教之前，因已常存宇宙，为请教之宗师矣。而军荼利修身瑜伽中，于此仅具端倪，未窥全貌，欲探其源，必须通明密咒奥秘，入观音之室，方得而知。若依心而起修，则气脉明点、忿怒母火之修法等属之；化朽腐为神奇，融心物于一元，指物炼心，莫此为胜；军茶利瑜伽，已见其梗概，而犹未尽其妙也。</p><p>本书中传述诸法，若持之有恒，如立竿见影，功效卓著；小而祛病延年，大而神妙莫测，而修得五通（天眼通、天耳通、他心通、宿命通、变化通），诚非戏语；而若干细微过节，及对治之方，苟无师传，受害亦非浅鲜。且其法首重独身，专志苦行。不能遗世独立，修之适得其反。例如诸身印之术，在彼土专修者，往往坐立倒持，可历久长时日，以勉强为精进，以苦行为勇猛，一般学者，实非所宜。又如用布洗胃，以刀割舌，乃至吐火吞刀之流，即易入魔，又易致病而夭折，未可妄自尝试。更如用银管以炼下行气，吸水提收之术，妄者习之，即流于房中采战之歧，可以杀身，可以败德，与瑜伽之本旨，背道而驰矣。此举其荦荦大者，余未详述。若心恋世情而为之囿，术操超解脱之方，此乃绝对矛盾，不待智者言而自明焉。</p><p>或曰：佛重修心，道主炼气，以密宗修气脉明点与乎瑜伽之术，同于道家，因为佛斥为外学也，习之可乎？曰：心非孤起，依境而生，境自物生，心随能动；所谓能者，充塞宇宙，生万物而不遗，依心而共丽，同出而异用；心身相依，交互影响，凡心求定而未能者，即此业气为累；犹浪欲平而风未止，云无心而气流不息；苟心气同息，转物可即，此为定学之要，非空腹高心者可得而强难也。定学为诸家共法，直指明心，岂能外此。若道家导引、吐纳、服气、按摩之术，为其专主修之一端，属于炼气士之修法，法天地陰陽化育，参生机不已妙用；大抵皆粗习其支离片段，自秘为绝学，能通其全要者，殊不多见。若武术家习炼之气功，则又为其支分，不足以概全也。依道家而言道家，瑜伽气脉之修法，同其导引服气之术；而二者比较，瑜伽之术，较为粗疏，此则难逃明眼者拣择。唯此土修炼之士，有一传统习惯，造就高深者，入山唯恐不深，逃名恐不及，终至寥落无闻，受授不识。而瑜伽之学，适以时会所趋，张明广著，弘扬于海外，得其译本者，或宝为枕秘，或恐为流毒，多深藏而不布，其心因可嘉，其事则未是，“<span class="qiangdiao1">谩藏诲盗，冶容诲婬</span>”，珍密法而神秘之，其斯之谓乎！</p><p>庄生有言：“<span class="qiangdiao1">野马也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也。</span>”极言穷宇宙之奇，唯此一气之变化，天地为一大化炉，人生为一大化境；此气者，即现代科学所谓电子原子之能也。苟以宇宙为炉囗，以人物为蜡，以智能为工具，以气化为资源，持其术以治之，摩挲炉囗火蜡之间，则宇宙在手，万化生身，宁非实语！若进而知操持修炼之本，不外一心；天地人物即幻化，觅心身性命而了不可得，何用系情事相，搬心运气，弄幻影之修为哉！萧兄天石，应同好之请，翻印《印度军荼利瑜伽术》一书，辱承枉问，自憾养气未能，吹嘘无似，聊缀数语，以塞责耳。</p><p>南怀瑾寄于金粟轩</p> </div>
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